The vast majority of our society will be surprised to learn that the history of electric cars counts about 180 years! The first electric cars were almost 50 years ahead of the first car. The impact for its development was the opening of the Faraday phenomenon of electromagnetic induction, followed by engineers and inventors began to look for ways of its practical application. Accurate information about the time of the name of the creator and the first electric car did not survive. It is known that in the period from the end of the 1830s to the beginning of 1840 has been presented at least three electric horseless construction crews: Scotsman Robert Anderson, an Englishman, Robert Davidson and American Thomas Davenport. They all had a lot of weight, moving at a speed of no more than 4 km / h and have been of little use for practical use. Development of electric cars is constrained by the lack of a relatively small, but profitable batteries.
In 1865, the Frenchman Gaston Plante presented the prototype of this battery. He still was not fit for practical use, but the principles laid down in its design, have been adopted by other inventors. By the early 80s of the nineteenth century are comparatively light, and most importantly, enough capacious and rechargeable batteries. This caused a boom in electromobility. The end of XIX early XX centuries can be considered a golden age of an electric vehicle. At the time, few people believed in the prospects for the development of the internal combustion engine. Average electric those years developed a speed of 30 km / h, and the reserve was enough to travel without recharging or replacing batteries during the day. This electric plant without problems in any condition did not require gear and worked quietly. It represented the exact opposite of the car in those years. Rattling and moody engine, letting out fetid cloud of burning, the smell of gasoline and oil, the need to manually start and gear all this scares off potential customers. Buy horseless carriage at the time could afford only wealthy people. And they, of course, prefer a clean, quiet and easy to operate electric car. Electric cars were so simple that they ran without problems, women and the elderly.
The success of electro of those years is the fact that the first speed records have been set precisely on electric vehicles. In 1895, the first in the world officially registered check, during which the electric Frenchman Charles Genty showed the speed of 63 km / h. And in 1899 the first time in the history of a land vehicle has exceeded 100 kilometer high-speed line. Electric Jamais Contente (never satisfied), built by Belgian Camille Ienattsi, clocked up to 105 km / h.
In the beginning of the twentieth century, electric cars got even more widespread. They are used as taxis, fire trucks and ambulances. Increasing their speed and trip distance without recharging. Some models are equipped with a regenerative braking system. The very popular electric cars used in USA, where in the early twentieth century, the number of electric cars to more than 1.5 times the number of common transport.
But supporters of the engine on alert, and actively improve their child. Gradually, the situation changed in favor of the gasoline-powered vehicles. This was facilitated by several factors. The discovery of rich oil fields has led to serial production of low cost gasoline. The development of the road network has made it possible to make long journeys on that electric vehicles were unable to because of the small reserve. Additionally, their speed is markedly lower than that of automobiles, and weight much more. Oh, and most importantly, the design of the car became better and much cheaper to produce. Application of an electric starter motor and transmission greatly simplified their operation. The popularity of electric vehicles began to decline, and by 1920 they accounted for about 1%. By 1930, their production has practically stopped.
The vast majority companies have started to release electric vehicles that are not designed, however, for personal use. A few electric buses, delivery van and trucks used in various city services. The next surge of interest in electric vehicles, and we are seeing at the moment, occurred in the 90-ies of the last century due to a significant tightening of the legislation on air pollution. The massive production of electric cars of our time became the model GM EV1, it is available in the US from 1996 to 2003.
In 1865, the Frenchman Gaston Plante presented the prototype of this battery. He still was not fit for practical use, but the principles laid down in its design, have been adopted by other inventors. By the early 80s of the nineteenth century are comparatively light, and most importantly, enough capacious and rechargeable batteries. This caused a boom in electromobility. The end of XIX early XX centuries can be considered a golden age of an electric vehicle. At the time, few people believed in the prospects for the development of the internal combustion engine. Average electric those years developed a speed of 30 km / h, and the reserve was enough to travel without recharging or replacing batteries during the day. This electric plant without problems in any condition did not require gear and worked quietly. It represented the exact opposite of the car in those years. Rattling and moody engine, letting out fetid cloud of burning, the smell of gasoline and oil, the need to manually start and gear all this scares off potential customers. Buy horseless carriage at the time could afford only wealthy people. And they, of course, prefer a clean, quiet and easy to operate electric car. Electric cars were so simple that they ran without problems, women and the elderly.
The success of electro of those years is the fact that the first speed records have been set precisely on electric vehicles. In 1895, the first in the world officially registered check, during which the electric Frenchman Charles Genty showed the speed of 63 km / h. And in 1899 the first time in the history of a land vehicle has exceeded 100 kilometer high-speed line. Electric Jamais Contente (never satisfied), built by Belgian Camille Ienattsi, clocked up to 105 km / h.
In the beginning of the twentieth century, electric cars got even more widespread. They are used as taxis, fire trucks and ambulances. Increasing their speed and trip distance without recharging. Some models are equipped with a regenerative braking system. The very popular electric cars used in USA, where in the early twentieth century, the number of electric cars to more than 1.5 times the number of common transport.
But supporters of the engine on alert, and actively improve their child. Gradually, the situation changed in favor of the gasoline-powered vehicles. This was facilitated by several factors. The discovery of rich oil fields has led to serial production of low cost gasoline. The development of the road network has made it possible to make long journeys on that electric vehicles were unable to because of the small reserve. Additionally, their speed is markedly lower than that of automobiles, and weight much more. Oh, and most importantly, the design of the car became better and much cheaper to produce. Application of an electric starter motor and transmission greatly simplified their operation. The popularity of electric vehicles began to decline, and by 1920 they accounted for about 1%. By 1930, their production has practically stopped.
The vast majority companies have started to release electric vehicles that are not designed, however, for personal use. A few electric buses, delivery van and trucks used in various city services. The next surge of interest in electric vehicles, and we are seeing at the moment, occurred in the 90-ies of the last century due to a significant tightening of the legislation on air pollution. The massive production of electric cars of our time became the model GM EV1, it is available in the US from 1996 to 2003.
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